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¹ Narenciye ve Seracılık Araştırma Enstitüsü, Antalya Viewed : 1431 - Downloaded : 2447 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the most widespread used method in plant biotechnology. Technique is an in vitro enzymatic reaction in which small DNA fragments can be amplified by DNA polymerase enzyme using oligonucleotide primers. In a very short time, millions of DNA fragments can be amplified from a very small amount of DNA sequences. The most important advantages of PCR is to be fast, reliable, and specific. Therefore; PCR is used in very different areas of plant biotechnology. Some of them are gene clonning, detection and identification of plant pathogens, screening of transgenic plants and sequencing of DNA fragments. Keywords : PCR, PCR methods, PCR optimization, plant biotecnology